Public Acts in Indirect Reciprocity

Number of words: 251 Karl also had plenty of anecdotes to underline why indirect reciprocity is just as relevant to everyday life as the direct version of reciprocity. He pointed out that the Rothschild family had protected the investments of their English clients during the Napoleonic Wars. They were under intense pressure to give them … Read more

The Power of Reputation in Indirect Reciprocity Dynamics

Number of words: 625 Exploring the indirect form of reciprocity is important because it is critical for society. Direct reciprocity—“I’ll scratch your back and you scratch mine”— operates well within small groups of people, or in villages where there is at ightknit community where it would be hard to get away with cheating one another. … Read more

The Rise and Fall of Strategies in Evolutionary Tournaments

Number of words: 691 Now Karl and I could sit back and watch the strategies slug it out in our creation over thousands and thousands of generations. Our fervent hope was that one strategy would emerge victorious. Even though no evolutionary trajectory ever quite repeated itself, there were overall patterns and consistency in what we … Read more

Intriguing Relationship Between Cleaners and Clients

Number of words: 324 The bats are one often cited example of direct reciprocity in nature. Another can be found on coral reefs, where fish of all kinds visit “cleaning stations” where they are scrubbed of parasites by smaller varieties of fish and by shrimps: the former get cleaned of pesky parasites and the latter … Read more

The Mysteries of Life with AI Technology

Number of words: 729 Having risen to fame on its superhuman performance at playing games, the artificial intelligence group DeepMind has cracked a serious scientific problem that has stumped researchers for half a century.With its latest AI program, AlphaFold, the company and research laboratory showed it can predict how proteins fold into 3D shapes, a … Read more

The Science Behind Self-Healing Electronic Skin

Number of words: 564 Strong, stretchy and sensitive synthetic skin that can repair itself up to 5,000 times has been developed and could be used in future prosthetics, experts claim.  Known as ‘electronic skin’ or ‘e-skin’, it has been developed by researchers from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia. The team … Read more

A Robot’s Plea for Acceptance

Number of words: 1,375 We asked GPT-3, OpenAI’s powerful new language generator, to write an essay for us from scratch. The assignment? To convince us robots come in peace. For more about GPT-3 and how this essay was written and edited, please read our editor’s note below.I am not a human. I am a robot. … Read more

Transforming Electric Vehicle Experience with Battery Swapping

Number of words: 938 The drive-through battery-swapping technology killed by Tesla years ago is now benefiting Chinese electric car makers and drivers as the world’s largest auto market moves to adopt electric mobility. The time-consuming process of battery charging has been an issue with electric cars since their inception. Now, a battery-swapping service has been … Read more