Number of words: 481 The marketeers have not only pushed production men into the cold – they have ousted the salesman. The standard sneer against ‘non-marketing-orientated’ companies is that they have merely called the sales manager a marketing manager. This is more sensible than importing a dear and dearly educated marketing manager and downgrading the … Read more
Number of words: 573 By business standards, however, McNamara’s reign at the Pentagon was an enormously expensive failure. His hatchet-men found many sweet cost savings – the duplicated purchasing which bedevils all widely spread businesses had become gross in the Pentagon, and the management techniques which produce better housekeeping were badly needed. But exacting more … Read more
Number of words: 430 The shareholders are remote licensers. They get a cut of any profits and in return they licence the managers to do as they please with the assets. More: they let managers do what they like (apart from outright theft) with the value of the shares. If the management longs to dilute … Read more
Number of words: 279 The rebellion of 1857 brought the East India Company to its end. Its territories in India were put directly under government control. The Governor-General was replaced with a Viceroy, a representative of the Crown. The ratio of Europeans to Indians in the army was pushed up to 1:3 from 1:9. That … Read more
Number of words: 357 Aurangzeb’s big push was into the southern peninsula. He shifted to the Deccan in 1682 and would never see Delhi again. He lived in a constant state of campaigning for the next twenty-six years. Aurangzeb extended the empire but he also destroyed it. The never-ending wars were disastrous—for the Land and … Read more
Number of words: 528 The city of Vijayanagar was established just after the brutal raids of Alauddin Khilji’s general, Malik Kafur. Around 1336, two brothers, Hukka and Bukka, appear to have got together to defeat rival groups and build a fortified new city. This city was called Vijayanagar or City of Victory. At its height … Read more
Number of words: 1,056 Babur was a direct descendent of Ghengis Khan from his mother’s side and Taimur the lame on his father’s side. However, Taimur’s empire had been largely lost by the time Babur was born. At the age of twelve, Babur inherited a tiny kingdom in the beautiful Ferghana valley in Central Asia. … Read more
Number of words: 391 The Turks were eager to gain wealth and spread their religion but there was also another important interest they had in mind—the capture of slaves. Over the next few centuries, hundreds of thousands of Indian slaves—particularly from West Punjab and Sind—were marched into Afghanistan and were then sold in the bazaars … Read more
Number of words: 441 The Cholas were an ancient dynasty and are even mentioned in the Ashokan inscriptions. In the ninth to the eleventh century CE, they created an empire that covered most of peninsular India and briefly extended to the banks of the Ganga. The empire even included Sri Lanka and the Maldives! They … Read more
Number of words: 360 As we have seen, the boom in overseas trade made India an economic and cultural superpower. According to Angus Maddison, a British economist, the country accounted for 33 per cent of the world GDP in the first century CE! India’s share was three times that of western Europe and much larger … Read more
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